// MARK: - LAYOUT CORE PROCESS
extension CustomLayout {

  override public func prepare() {
    
    // 1
    guard let collectionView = collectionView,
      cache.isEmpty else {
      return
    }
    // 2
    prepareCache()
    contentHeight = 0
    zIndex = 0
    oldBounds = collectionView.bounds
    let itemSize = CGSize(width: cellWidth, height: cellHeight)
    
    // 3
    let headerAttributes = CustomLayoutAttributes(
      forSupplementaryViewOfKind: Element.header.kind,
      with: IndexPath(item: 0, section: 0)
    )
    prepareElement(size: headerSize, type: .header, attributes: headerAttributes)
    
    // 4
    let menuAttributes = CustomLayoutAttributes(
      forSupplementaryViewOfKind: Element.menu.kind,
      with: IndexPath(item: 0, section: 0))
    prepareElement(size: menuSize, type: .menu, attributes: menuAttributes)
    
    // 5
    for section in 0 ..< collectionView.numberOfSections {

      let sectionHeaderAttributes = CustomLayoutAttributes(
        forSupplementaryViewOfKind: UICollectionElementKindSectionHeader,
        with: IndexPath(item: 0, section: section))
      prepareElement(
        size: sectionsHeaderSize,
        type: .sectionHeader,
        attributes: sectionHeaderAttributes)

      for item in 0 ..< collectionView.numberOfItems(inSection: section) {
        let cellIndexPath = IndexPath(item: item, section: section)
        let attributes = CustomLayoutAttributes(forCellWith: cellIndexPath)
        let lineInterSpace = settings.minimumLineSpacing
        attributes.frame = CGRect(
          x: 0 + settings.minimumInteritemSpacing,
          y: contentHeight + lineInterSpace,
          width: itemSize.width,
          height: itemSize.height
        )
        attributes.zIndex = zIndex
        contentHeight = attributes.frame.maxY
        cache[.cell]?[cellIndexPath] = attributes
        zIndex += 1
      }

      let sectionFooterAttributes = CustomLayoutAttributes(
        forSupplementaryViewOfKind: UICollectionElementKindSectionFooter,
        with: IndexPath(item: 1, section: section))
      prepareElement(
        size: sectionsFooterSize,
        type: .sectionFooter,
        attributes: sectionFooterAttributes)
    }
    
    // 6
    updateZIndexes()
  }
}

override public func shouldInvalidateLayout(forBoundsChange newBounds: CGRect) -> Bool {
  if oldBounds.size != newBounds.size {
    cache.removeAll(keepingCapacity: true)
  }
  return true
}

private func prepareCache() {
  cache.removeAll(keepingCapacity: true)
  cache[.header] = [IndexPath: CustomLayoutAttributes]()
  cache[.menu] = [IndexPath: CustomLayoutAttributes]()
  cache[.sectionHeader] = [IndexPath: CustomLayoutAttributes]()
  cache[.sectionFooter] = [IndexPath: CustomLayoutAttributes]()
  cache[.cell] = [IndexPath: CustomLayoutAttributes]()
}

private func prepareElement(size: CGSize, type: Element, attributes: CustomLayoutAttributes) {
  //1
  guard size != .zero else {
    return
  }
  //2
  attributes.initialOrigin = CGPoint(x:0, y: contentHeight)
  attributes.frame = CGRect(origin: attributes.initialOrigin, size: size)
  // 3
  attributes.zIndex = zIndex
  zIndex += 1
  // 4
  contentHeight = attributes.frame.maxY
  // 5
  cache[type]?[attributes.indexPath] = attributes
}

private func updateZIndexes(){
  guard let sectionHeaders = cache[.sectionHeader] else {
    return
  }
  var sectionHeadersZIndex = zIndex
  for (_, attributes) in sectionHeaders {
    attributes.zIndex = sectionHeadersZIndex
    sectionHeadersZIndex += 1
  }
  cache[.menu]?.first?.value.zIndex = sectionHeadersZIndex
}

//MARK: - PROVIDING ATTRIBUTES TO THE COLLECTIONVIEW
extension CustomLayout {
  
  //1
  public override func layoutAttributesForSupplementaryView(
    ofKind elementKind: String,
    at indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes? {
    
  switch elementKind {
    case UICollectionElementKindSectionHeader:
      return cache[.sectionHeader]?[indexPath]
      
    case UICollectionElementKindSectionFooter:
      return cache[.sectionFooter]?[indexPath]
      
    case Element.header.kind:
      return cache[.header]?[indexPath]
      
    default:
      return cache[.menu]?[indexPath]
    }
  }
  
  //2
  override public func layoutAttributesForItem(
    at indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes? {
      return cache[.cell]?[indexPath]
  }

  //3
  override public func layoutAttributesForElements(
    in rect: CGRect) -> [UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes]? {
      visibleLayoutAttributes.removeAll(keepingCapacity: true)
      for (_, elementInfos) in cache {
        for (_, attributes) in elementInfos where attributes.frame.intersects(rect) {
          visibleLayoutAttributes.append(attributes)
        }
      }
      return visibleLayoutAttributes
  }
}